Steam generator



Jan. 1 9 4 1,479,473.

H, J. S. MQCKAY STEAM GEEERATOR Filed Sept. 4. 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 l l l X E:

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H. J. S. M 'KAY STEAM GENERATOR Fil ed Sept. 4. 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

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Jan. 1 1924 1,479,473

H. J. 5., M KAY "STEAM GENERATOR Filed Sept. 4.1918 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTORNEYS.

Patented J an. 1, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,419,473 PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY JOHN SUTHERLAND MACKAY, OF ROSEMOIINT. ISLE OF WIGHT, ENGLAND, AS-.

S IGNOR TO THE BABCOCK & WILCOX PORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, I. GOR- STEAM GENERATOR.

Application filed September 4, 1918. Serial No. 252,515.

To all zligom if may conc r/p:

Be it known that I, HENRY J. S. MAoKAr, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Rosemount, Bellevue Road, Ryde, Isle of Vight, in the county of Hampshire, England, have invented ccrtain new and useful Improvements in and Connected with Steam Generators, of which the following is a specification. V

This invention relates to marine boilers of the kind in which lower or mud drums are connected with an upper or steam and water drum or drums by inclined banks of tubes enclosing between them a furnace space, and has for its object generally to provide an improvedconstruction thereof, in which the well known Stirling type of tubes arranged to enter the drums radially are employed.

My invention more particularly relates to a boiler of the above type in which provision is made for securing a definite path for the circulation of the water. In accordance with my invention, baflies are arranged within the steam and water drum which rovide a steam liberating space in the middle of the drum, the feed water being admitted to the drum on either side thereof and Without the bafiies.

A further feature of my invention consistsin the provision of transverse. tions within the mud drums. which; when used in conjunction with the battles arranged in the manner above referred to, further promote the circulation of the water throughout the system. .By providing the definite path of circulation in the manner described, which causes all of the steam to pass upward near the center of the drum, a uniform low speed is secured between all of the tubes of a given row and ditficult-y through an irregular water action and swaying one Way and the otherof the water in the upper drums is eliminated.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of an A-shaped boiler embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is an end view, partially in elevation and partially in section, of the boiler of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fi 2, partially in end elevation and partial y in section of an inverted W-shaped boiler embodying my invention.

In the several views like reference characters denote similar parts.

parti- "two banks of tubes As shown A denotes the upper or steam and water drum or drums connected with the associated lower drums B by inclined banks of tubes C arranged on each side of and en: closing between them the central furnace space or spaces D. Each bank of tubes "C is partitioned into three by two baflles E and F so as to form three dpasses around the tubes for the gases an hot products of combustion which pass off each side of the boiler to the outlet flue G The tube holes in the drums A and B are so disposed as to permit the tubes. of each bank to be arranged substantially symu'ietrically about a line indicated by XX 1n the drawing passing through the longitudinal axes of the upper drums A and of the lower drums B, tubes on each side of such line and equidistant therefrom being of substantially the same length and curvature. As a result, a smaller number of forms of-tube are required for each boiler and consequently a small number of spares only need. 'be carried.

Each lower .druInB is fitted with an-imperforate diaphragm H so disposed as to divide the tubes of the central pass whereb a positive circulation of the water through the tubes is ensured.-- In the construction shown in Figure 3, consisting of a five-drum boiler with banks of tubes enclosing between them two furnace spaces D, the central mud drum B is partitioned into three separate compartments by two imperforate diaphragms.

In case the feed system for one of the banks of tubesleading to the middle drum were disabled, the tubes would be supplied by waterfrom the other feed chamber. For example, if the feed for the bank of tubes leading from the middlem'ud drum to the upper left-hand steam and water drum were disabled, the tubes of this bank' would be supplied with water from the feed chambers associated with from the middle mud drum to the right-hand steam and water druin. wise, in case the tubes of either of tha banks became overheated because of any abnormal condition, an excess of water could be fed to these tubes from the feed chamber of the other steam and water drum. The system,is so arranged, therefore, thlt the balance each other in the bank of tubes leading normal operation. and thusleads to a satisfactory and eificient operation.

Water baffles K in the water space of the upper drum or drums, winch are preferably arranged symmetrically on either side of the vertical axis, extend to. or above the water line and serve to partition oil the hottest water from the incoming -water,

' which is supplied through the usual feedtubes of the trough L. With the baflies thus arranged, thewater flows from the chamber at the left of the baflle K, as viewed in Fig. 2, and, considering the parts at the left of the vertical center line, downwardly through the tubes connected towsaid chamber, into the chamber in the mud drum at the left of the imperforate diaphragm H, v upwardly through the other tubes which are connected to said mud drum chamber, and to the steam and water drum between the bafiles K. From the space between the baflles K, the water flows downwardly through the externel down-comer I intoi the chamber in the mud drum at the right of the diaphragm H 'and upwardlythrough the tubes which communicate with said chamber, and which are located above the furnace D, into the steam liberating. space between the baflies K in the steam and water drum; There is thus provided, in a boiler of the type described, a definite circulation, the outer bank serving as economizer tubes, and'the ascending steam and water bank of tubes connecting. each of said steam and water drums to .the outer mud drum, other banks of tubeaconnecting said steam and water drums to the middle mud drum, some of the tubes of each of the last mentinnedv banks being connected to -se arate chambers of the middle mud drum an other tubes being connected to a common chamber located above the furnace dis- 2. A water'tube boiler comprising an upper steam and water drum, I drums, banks of tubes'connecting the steam and water drum to the respective mud drums, the steam and .water drum being provided with bailies extending longitudinally of the drum and at least as high as the water line, and forming a plurality of chambers therein,

and means for introducinfifeed water to thechambers Without said afllcs, the lower drums being provided with imperforate diaphragms dividing each drum mto two unconnected chambers touch of which a part of the tubes of the associated bunk are connected, part of the tubes which communitwo lower mud cate with one of the chambers of as mild drum being connected to the associated chamberof the'steam and water drum without the baflles, and the other partof said tubes being connected to the chamber between said bafiles, and downcomers connee-ting the middle chamber of the, steam and water drum to the other chamber of each of said mud drums; 1

3. In a steam boileigafurnace, steam and water drum, drums, bafiles within the upper steam and water drum extending longitudinal! thereof and at'lea st as high as the water in. and dividing the-water space into two outer compartmentsand a middle mud drum being provided with an'impcrforate diaphragm extending longitudinally thereof and dividing the mud drum .intd two unconnected chambers, feed water inlets to "the outer compartments in the steam and water drum, tubes connectin each of said feed compartments to a charm or of the corresponding mud drum, chamber of the mud drum to the middle chamber of the steam and water drum, external' downcomers and water tubes connecting the middle compartment of thelteam and water drum with the other chambers tubes connecting said of the mud drums, the last mentioned being exposed to theiumace heat.

In testimony whereof I have hcrednto signed myname in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HENRY 101m. sci-airman 'u xn. Witnesses: I ARTHUR LASSELL, GEORGE Suriname.

.an upper two lower 'mud compartment, each i 

